Place the chestnuts flat side down on a cutting board. Using a sharp or serrated knife, score the chestnuts, making sure to go all the way through the shell.
Pre-heat the air fryer to 380ºF.
Place the scored chestnuts in the air fryer basket, scored side up. Air-fry at 380ºF for 15 minutes or until the shells have peeled back away from the nuts. Remove the nuts from the air fryer and let them cool enough to be able to handle them.
Peel the shells off the chestnuts and discard. Use a paring knife to peel away the light brown skin to reveal the yellow nut.
Use the chestnuts whole in savory braised chicken dishes, chop them up to use in stuffings and dressings, or puree to use in sweet baking recipes or to make a chestnut cream.